Kabhoni dema, iamorphous kabhoni, yakareruka, yakasununguka uye yakanyanya kunaka dema poda, inogona kunzwisiswa sepasi pehari.
Icho chigadzirwa chinowanikwa nekupisa kusina kukwana kana kupisa kwekupisa kwezvinhu zvekabhoni zvakadai semarasha, gasi rechisikigo, mafuta anorema, uye mafuta emafuta pasi pemamiriro emhepo isina kukwana.
Chinhu chikuru chekabhoni dema kabhoni, inova ndiyo yekutanga nanomaterial kugadzirwa, kushandiswa uye ikozvino kugadzirwa nevanhu. , yakanyorwa seimwe yemakumi maviri neshanu ekutanga makemikari zvigadzirwa uye yakanaka makemikari zvigadzirwa neiyo indasitiri yemakemikari yepasirese.
Indasitiri yekabhoni nhema yakakosha zvikuru kuindasitiri yematayi, indasitiri yekudhaya nekuvandudza mhando yezvigadzirwa zvehupenyu hweveruzhinji.
1. Maererano nekugadzirwa
Inonyanya kukamurwa kuita mwenje nhema, gasi dema, choto dema uye slot dema.
2. Maererano nechinangwa
Zvinoenderana nemashandisirwo akasiyana, kabhoni dema inowanzo patsanurwa kuita kabhoni dema kune pigment, kabhoni nhema yerabha, conductive kabhoni dema uye yakakosha kabhoni nhema.
Kabhoni dema kune pigment - Kunyika dzese, zvichienderana nekugona kwemavara kwekabhoni nhema, inowanzopatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu, zvinoti high-pigment kabhoni dema, yepakati-pigment kabhoni dema uye yakaderera-pigment kabhoni dema.
Ichi chikamu chinowanzomiririrwa nemavara matatu echiRungu, mabhii maviri ekutanga anoratidza kugona kwemavara kwekabhoni dema, uye tsamba yekupedzisira inoratidza nzira yekugadzira.
3. Maererano nebasa
Inonyanya kukamurwa kuita yakasimbiswa kabhoni dema, ine ruvara kabhoni dema, conductive kabhoni dema, nezvimwe.
4. Maererano nemuenzaniso
Yakakamurwa zvakanyanya muN220,
Iyo kabhoni dema inoshandiswa muindasitiri yerabha inodarika 90% yekabhoni nhema inobuda. Inonyanya kushandiswa kumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzematayi, senge matai emotokari, matai etirakita, matai endege, matai emotokari yemagetsi, matai ebhasikoro, nezvimwewo. Makirogiramu gumi ecarbon dema anodiwa kugadzira vhiri remotokariwo zvaro.
Mune kabhoni dema yerabha, inopfuura zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzvina zvekabhoni nhema inoshandiswa mukugadzira matai, uye yasara inoshandiswa mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zverabha, sematepi, hose, shangu dzerubha, nezvimwe. Muindasitiri yezvigadzirwa zverabha. , kudyiwa kwekabhoni dema kunotora 40 ~ 50% yekushandiswa kwerabha.
Chikonzero nei kabhoni dema ichishandiswa zvakanyanya murabha ndiko kugona kwayo kunonzi "kusimbisa". Uku "kusimbisa" kugona kwekabhoni dema kwakatanga kuwanikwa murabha yechisikigo kare muna 1914. Izvozvi zvakasimbiswa kuti kune yekugadzira rabha, simba rekusimbisa kabhoni dema rinoita basa rinotonyanya kukosha.
Chiratidzo chakanyanya kukosha chekusimbisa kabhoni dema ndechekuvandudza mapfekero ekuita kwetai. Tai rine 30% reinforced carbon black rinogona kufamba 48,000 kusvika 64,000 km; uchizadza huwandu hwakafanana hweinert kana kusasimbisa kuzadza panzvimbo yekabhoni Nhema, mileage yayo ingori 4800 makiromita.
Uye zvakare, yakasimbiswa kabhoni dema inogona zvakare kuvandudza iyo yemuviri uye yemagetsi zvimiro zvezvigadzirwa zverabha, senge simba rekusimba uye kubvarura simba. Semuyenzaniso, kuwedzera reinforcing kabhoni dema kune crystalline rabha seyakasikwa rabha kana neoprene inogona kuwedzera simba rekusimba neka1 kusvika ka1,7 kana zvichienzaniswa nerabha ine vulcanized isina kabhoni dema; Mune rabha, inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika pa4 kusvika ku12 nguva.
Muindasitiri yerabha, rudzi rwekabhoni dema uye huwandu hwayo hwekusanganisa hunofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana nechinangwa uye mamiriro ekushandiswa kwechigadzirwa. Semuyenzaniso, pakutsika matayi, kupfeka kuramba kunofanirwa kutanga kutariswa, saka anosimbisa kabhoni matema, akadai sechoto chekupedzisira-abrasion-resistant dema, yepakati-yepamusoro kupfeka-inodzivirira choto dema kana high-abrasion-inodzivirira vira dema, inodiwa. ; uchitsika uye chitunha rabha Chinhu chinoda kabhoni dema ine shoma hysteresis kurasikirwa uye yakaderera kupisa chizvarwa.
